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Wednesday, January 6, 2010

Routing Protocols


A routing protocol is the software or hardware implementation of the routing algoirthm. what routing protocol does is it describes the best route for the packet to reach from the source to its destination. Best path is selected based on the calculation of the metric for any ip packet. The parts that constitute a metric includes:-hopcount(number of devices to reach the destination network),load, delay,bandwidth etc. there are two major classes of routing protocols
i)Distance vector routing protocols
ii)Link state routing protocols
i)Distance Vector routing protocols: It decides the path of the packet based on how far it is and how many hops does it require to reach the destination, so whichever path has small number of hops it sends its data through it. the examples are RIP,IGP
ii)Link state routing protocols: the major drawback of distance vector is that it does not consider the congestion,delay, bandwidth of the path since for small number of hops may cause greater delay than that of longer hops so link state routing protocols over comes this problem by taking into consideration the bandwidth,congestion in all the corresponding path and selects the best path for the packet to be send hence nowadays it is most widely used routing protocols. the examples are OSPF and IS-IS

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